A continuation of 110. Development of utilization of grammar and fluency in conversational communication. About 150 more kanji will be introduced for reading and writing. Prerequisite: JPN 110 or permission of the instructor.

A continuation of 110. Development of utilization of grammar and fluency in conversational communication. About 150 more kanji will be introduced for reading and writing. Prerequisite: JPN 110 or permission of the instructor.

A continuation of 220. Prerequisite: CHI 220 or permission of the instructor.

A continuation of 110. Prerequisite: CHI 110 or permission of the instructor.

A continuation of 110. Prerequisite: CHI 110 or permission of the instructor.

By permission of the department, normally for senior majors.

An accelerated introduction to Spanish aimed at basic proficiency, emphasizing all modes of communication. The course also serves as an introduction to Hispanic culture. 3 contact hours. Priority will be given to first and second year students. Y courses cannot be divided at midyear with credit for the first semester.

An accelerated introduction to Spanish aimed at basic proficiency, emphasizing all modes of communication. The course also serves as an introduction to Hispanic culture. 3 contact hours. Priority will be given to first and second year students. Y courses cannot be divided at midyear with credit for the first semester.

A one-year elementary course in spoken and written Brazilian Portuguese. Emphasis first semester will be on development of oral proficiency and acquisition of reading and writing skills. Second semester will also include the use of music and videos to improve listening comprehension, as well as readings and discussion of short texts by modern writers of the Portuguese-speaking world from Brazil, Portugal, Angola, Mozambique and Cape Verde. Y courses cannot be divided at midyear with credit for the first semester.

General grammar review. Selections from Russian texts, not exclusively literary. Prerequisite: 100y or the equivalent. This is a full-year course. Y courses cannot be divided at midyear with credit for the first semester.