Economic development of Europe from ancient times to late twentieth century, focusing on episodes and methods that influenced economic growth. Emergence and development of economic institutions in Western and Eastern Europe (Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Ukraine). Economic recovery after World War II, contradictions of Cold War Era, Russian military aggression in Ukraine. Recent developments considered in the light of historical experience.

The course provides an overview of the economics of health and of health care with special attention to the roles of market failure, equity, and policy. Economics of Health will apply the tools of economics and quantitative analysis to understanding the structure, performance, and problems of health and the health care sector. Students will develop institutional knowledge and analytic tools needed to contribute to public policy debates about health and health care.

This course provides an economist?s introduction to the study of scientific, inventive and technological activities. The overarching focus is on understanding the microeconomic foundations of the knowledge production function and the determinants of innovation and technical change. We will begin with a brief historical overview of institutions supporting science and innovation and an introduction to the economic analysis of knowledge and ideas.

Introduction to labor economics; emphasis on public policy issues such as unemployment, age and sex discrimination, collective bargaining, labor law reform, occupational safety and health.

The pure theory of non-monetary international trade, including analysis of the costs and gains of trade, application of the theory to problems of commercial policy. Prerequisite: ECON 203 or RES-ECON 202

Federal budgetary policy and the U.S. economy. Impact of social-welfare spending and taxes on income distribution, growth, cyclical stability, and efficiency. Prerequisite: ECON 203 (or RES-ECON 202) and ECON 204.

The nature and functions of money and the significance of monetary circulation, commercial banks, the Central Bank, the non-bank financial institutional structure; integration of monetary theory into a general theory of economic activity, employment, prices. Prerequisites: ECON 103 or RES-ECON 102, ECON 104 and ECON 204.

The nature and functions of money and the significance of monetary circulation, commercial banks, the Central Bank, the non-bank financial institutional structure; integration of monetary theory into a general theory of economic activity, employment, prices. Prerequisites: ECON 103 or RES-ECON 102, ECON 104 and ECON 204.

The nature and functions of money and the significance of monetary circulation, commercial banks, the Central Bank, the non-bank financial institutional structure; integration of monetary theory into a general theory of economic activity, employment, prices. Prerequisites: ECON 103 or RES-ECON 102, ECON 104 and ECON 204.

The nature and functions of money and the significance of monetary circulation, commercial banks, the Central Bank, the non-bank financial institutional structure; integration of monetary theory into a general theory of economic activity, employment, prices. Prerequisites: ECON 103 or RES-ECON 102, ECON 104 and ECON 204.