Theory and practice of pruning deciduous fruit plants/trees. Practical, hands-on experience is the focus of the class.

With lab. Principles of hydraulics and system design for turf and landscapes with an emphasis on golf courses. Irrigation systems, equipment performance, installation practices, operation procedures and troubleshooting. Drainage of sports turf also included.

Principles of engines and machinery operation, maintenance, selection, and minor repair. Turf equipment emphasized. Instruction on how to train operators of equipment. Budgeting for equipment.

This class is specifically for those students who have already taken STOCKSCH 106, and who now wish to complete the lab component of the STOCKSCH 105 class that is required for all students completing the major or minor in this program.

Interrelationship of soils and higher plants. Physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils. Practical approach to current problems through basic soil principles. Prerequisite: some knowledge of chemistry. (Gen.Ed. BS)

Functions of mineral nutrients in plants, effects of mineral deficiencies, and sources of these nutrients to prevent or alleviate deficiencies in crop production.

Topics include state and federal pesticide laws and regulations, pesticides and the environment, handling and storage of pesticides, classes and formulations of pesticides, safety and application equipment, understanding the pesticide label, toxicity, proper calculation and mixing of pesticides, and history of pesticide use. Includes preparation for the Massachusetts Pesticide Core Examination. Formerly listed as ENTOMOL 182

Principles and practical methods of controlling turf insect pests.

Introduction to insect recognition, development, damage, and control. Formerly: ENTOMOL 104.

The basic biochemical and physiological processes occurring in fruits, vegetables, and flowers after harvest; postharvest treatments to modify these processes.