This course will explore the history of East Asian religious visual and material culture from ancient times to the early twentieth century, with an emphasis on the human body, face and relics and their visual representations as major agents in liturgical settings. The class explores the following topics; Buddhist relics, holy objects, reliquaries, and self-immolation practice; Confucian burial practice, ancestral worshipping, ancestral portraits; Taoist body-and-spirit cultivation and the practice of alchemy; and the cult of Mao Zedong during the Mao era (1949-1976).