Topics course. We shall examine how the iconic status of woman as moral redeemer and social path breaker is shadowed by a darker view of female self and sexuality in some representative works by male authors of the Russian nineteenth century. The primary texts are Pushkin's Eugene Onegin, Turgenev's On The Eve, Chernyshevsky's What Is To Be Done?, Dostoevsky's A Gentle Spirit and Tolstoy's TAnna Karenina and the Kreutzer Sonata. These novelistic narratives will be supplemented with theoretical essays by Belinsky, J.S. Mill, Schopenhauer and Vladimir Soloviev.

Readings and discussion of texts taken from classical and Soviet literature, as well as current journals. Intensive practice in writing. Prerequisite: 220y or permission of the instructor.

This integrating course is an introduction to Russian culture from medieval times to the Russian Revolution. Russian religious culture, painting, music, architecture, the folk tradition, and socio-political movements will be studied in conjunction with historical and literary texts. Readings will include the ancient historical chronicles, the lives of early Russian saints, and medieval tales, along with the poems and short prose works of such classic Russian authors as Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, and Blok.

Topics course. The course examines the riddle of Russia's identity and destiny as it appears in the distorting mirror of Gogol's Dead Souls and in Tolstoy's War and Peace. The underlying debate between the Westernizers and Slavophils will be illustrated by polemical writings of Chaadaev, Aksakov, Herzen and Dostoevsky. In the twentieth century the arguments are reshaped in the crucible of the Revolution, as exemplified in the Berdiaev's The Origins of Russian Communism and Trotsky's Literature and Revolution.

General grammar review. Selections from Russian texts, not exclusively literary. Prerequisite: 100y or the equivalent. This is a full-year course.

Four class hours. This is a full-year course.

By permission of the department, normally for senior majors who have had four semester courses above the introductory level.

By permission of the department, normally for senior majors who have had four semester courses above the introductory level.

The American religious scene is always in motion. At present, the cluster of religious impulses that find their expression in Goddess spirituality, New Age movements, and Neo-Paganism are vibrant, contentious, and increasingly mainstream. With a strong grounding in history and ethnography, this course will explore the nature and evolution of these influential religious movements from their nineteenth-century origins through today.

How is violence legitimized and what is its legacy for both perpetrator and victim? When are war and sacrifice not murder? What are the political implications of a nonviolent morality? This course considers the rhetoric and phenomena of violence and non-violence in a variety of religious traditions in South Asia, both modern and premodern. Particular emphasis is placed on the ethical and social consequences of these practices, and the politics of the discourse that surrounds them. Texts and films concerning Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Christianity, and Islam.