This course focuses on various aspects of witches/witchcraft in order to examine the historical construction of the witch in the context of the social realities of women (and men) labeled as witches. The main areas covered are: European pagan religions and the spread of Christianity; the "Burning Times" in early modern Europe, with an emphasis on the German situation; 17th-century New England and the Salem witch trials; the images of witches in folk lore and fairy tales in the context of the historical persecutions; and contemporary Wiccan/witch practices in their historical context.

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Major writers, works, and themes concerning the Holocaust and its representation and commemoration. Exploration of narrative responses (including film, memoirs, poetry, video testimony, music, and memorials) to the genocide of European Jews and other peoples during World War II. (Gen.Ed. AL, DG)

Students develop advanced language skills with focus on scientific and technical German language and culture.

In this course, students will continue to become acquainted with German-speaking cultures, while deepening their ability to analyze cultural material critically. Work on critical analysis will include numerous writing assignments and class discussion of films, articles, short stories, essays, and more. Review of complex grammar issues will be provided as well. After successful completion of this course, students should enter German 320. Prerequisite: German 240 or equivalent.

This is a stand-alone independent study designed by the student and faculty sponsor that involves frequent interaction between instructor and student. Qualitative and quantitative enrichment must be evident on the proposed contract before consent is given to undertake the study.