A survey of European women's experiences and constructions of gender from the French Revolution through World War I, focusing on Western Europe. Gendered relationships to work, family, politics, society, religion, and the body, as well as shifting conceptions of femininity and masculinity, as revealed in novels, films, treatises, letters, paintings, plays, and various secondary sources.

By permission of the department, for junior and senior majors. 2 to 4 credits.

A review of basic grammatical concepts and the study of new ones, with emphasis on vocabulary building. An exploration of contemporary German culture through literary and journalistic texts, with regular practice in written and oral expression. Prerequisite: 110y, permission of the instructor, or by placement.

This course is designed for students with a very strong background in chemistry. The elementary theories of stoichiometry, atomic structure, bonding, structure, energetics and reactions will be quickly reviewed. The major portions of the course will involve a detailed analysis of atomic theory and bonding from an orbital concept, an examination of the concepts behind thermodynamic arguments in chemical systems, and an investigation of chemical reactions and kinetics. The laboratory deals with synthesis, physical properties, and kinetics.

By permission of the department, normally for senior majors.

Sectioned course. This class is recommended for both the curious beginner and the experienced kickboxer. It incorporates martial art forms, a variety of strength/fitness drills, as well as standard boxing techniques. Students start by learning proper form of the basic techniques before progressing to more complicated combinations. Enrollment limited to 20 per section.

Sectioned course. ESS An introduction to the principles and methods of training to improve and maintain fitness. Each student designs and follows an individualized conditioning program. Programs are tailored to the needs of the student. Each individual is monitored throughout the semester and students are expected to do most of their exercise out of class. Enrollment limited to 20.

Sectioned course. Swimming workouts to improve physical fitness. Stroke improvement, exercise program design, and a variety of aquatic training modalities will also be included. Intermediate swimming ability required. Enrollment limited to 20.

Taught by the Grace Hazard Conkling Poet in Residence, this is an advanced poetry workshop for students who have developed a passionate relationship with poetry and who have substantial experience in writing poems. Texts are based on the poets who will read at Smith during the semester, and students will gain expertise in reading, writing, and critiquing poems. Enrollment is by permission of the instructor.

A study of American writers as they seek to define a role for literature in their changing society. Emphasis on the extraordinary burst of creativity that took place between the 1820s and the Civil War. Works by Cooper, Hawthorne, Emerson, Thoreau, Melville, Douglass, Stowe, Whitman, Dickinson, and others.